The Mediating Role of Teachers’ Organizational Citizenship Behavior in the Relationship Between Professional Ethics and Teamwork in Iraq
Keywords:
Professional ethics, organizational citizenship behavior, teamwork, education, teachersAbstract
This study examines the relationship between professional ethics and teamwork, with the mediating role of teachers’ organizational citizenship behavior. The research was conducted using a descriptive-correlational design, and structural equation modeling was employed to analyze the causal relationships between the variables of professional ethics, teamwork, and organizational citizenship behavior. The statistical population included all social sciences teachers, totaling 530 individuals. Using non-random convenience sampling, 227 participants were selected based on Krejcie and Morgan’s table (1970). The data collection instruments consisted of three standardized questionnaires on professional ethics, organizational citizenship behavior, and teamwork, whose validity and reliability had been confirmed. The collected data were analyzed descriptively using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26 and inferentially through structural equation modeling using Amos version 24. The findings of the study indicated a significant positive relationship between professional ethics and the dimensions of social responsibility, belonging to the scientific community, self-efficacy, and scientific responsibility with teamwork. The correlation coefficient between professional ethics and teamwork was reported as 0.471. Additionally, there was a significant positive relationship between professional ethics and the dimensions of social responsibility, belonging to the scientific community, self-efficacy, and scientific responsibility with organizational citizenship behavior, with a correlation coefficient of 0.720. Furthermore, a significant relationship was found between organizational citizenship behavior and the dimensions of social etiquette, altruism, work conscience, interpersonal coordination, organizational resource protection, sportsmanship, and courtesy with teamwork, with a correlation coefficient of 0.405. The study also confirmed the significant relationship between professional ethics and teamwork through the mediating role of organizational citizenship behavior, reporting a correlation coefficient of 0.202. This research demonstrated that professional ethics, organizational citizenship behavior, and teamwork are significantly interrelated. Organizational citizenship behavior acts as a mediating variable and plays a crucial role in strengthening this relationship.
Downloads
References
Ajzen, I. (1991). Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes. Theories of Cognitive Self-Regulation. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50, 179-211. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T
Aloustani, S., Atashzadeh-Shoorideh, F., Zagheri-Tafreshi, M., Nasiri, M., Barkhordari-Sharifabad, M., & Skerrett, V. (2020). Association between ethical leadership, ethical climate and organizational citizenship behavior from nurses’ perspective: a descriptive correlational study. BMC Nursing, 19, 1-8.
Altinkurt, Y., & Yilmaz, K. (2012). Relationship between School Administrators' Organizational Power Sources and Teachers' Organizational Citizenship Behaviors. Educational Sciences: Theory and Practice, 12(3), 1843-1852.
Arimoto, A., Gregg, M. F., Nagata, S., Miki, Y., & Murashima, S. (2012). Evaluation of doctoral nursing programs in Japan by faculty members and their educational and research activities. Nurse Education Today, 32(5), e1-e7.
Culham, T. E., Major, R. J., & Shivhare, N. (2024). Virtue ethics and moral foundation theory applied to business ethics education. International Journal of Ethics Education, 9(1), 139-176.
Grant, A. M., & Mayer, D. M. (2009). Good soldiers and good actors: prosocial and impression management motives as interactive predictors of affiliative citizenship behaviors. Journal of Applied Psychology, 94(4), 900.
Hou, F. I., Wu, Y. L., Li, M. H., & Huang, W. Y. (2021). Physiotherapist' job performance, impression management and organizational citizenship behaviors: An analysis of hierarchical linear modeling. PLoS One, 16(5), e0251843. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251843
Joshy, L., & Varghese, R. (2024). Unveiling the mechanisms by which inclusive leadership influences the good soldier syndrome among health-care employees. Leadersh Health Serv (Bradf Engl), ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print). https://doi.org/10.1108/lhs-11-2023-0089
Jung, J.-Y. (2022). The effect of authentic leadership of deans and directors on sustainable organizational commitment at universities: mediated by organizational culture and trust. Sustainability, 14(17), 11051.
Khan, M. A. S., Jianguo, D., Ali, M., Saleem, S., & Usman, M. (2019). Interrelations Between Ethical Leadership, Green Psychological Climate, and Organizational Environmental Citizenship Behavior: A Moderated Mediation Model. Front Psychol, 10, 1977. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01977
Kim, D., & Lee, M.-J. (2024). The role of ethical leadership in enhancing organizational culture and performance. International Journal of Management, Business, and Economics, 1(2).
Koc, Y., Gulseren, D., & Lyubykh, Z. (2021). Masculinity contest culture reduces organizational citizenship behaviors through decreased organizational identification. J Exp Psychol Appl, 27(2), 408-416. https://doi.org/10.1037/xap0000351
Lambert, E. G., Barton-Bellessa, S. M., & Hogan, N. L. (2014). The association between correctional orientation and organizational citizenship behaviors among correctional staff. Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol, 58(8), 953-974. https://doi.org/10.1177/0306624x13489510
M Kouzes, J., & Z Posner, B. (2023). The leadership challenge: How to make extraordinary things happen in organizations. In: Jossey-Bass.
Mercader, V., Galván-Vela, E., Ravina-Ripoll, R., & Popescu, C. R. G. (2021). A focus on ethical value under the vision of leadership, teamwork, effective communication and productivity. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 14(11), 522.
Mo, S., & Shi, J. (2017). Linking ethical leadership to employees’ organizational citizenship behavior: Testing the multilevel mediation role of organizational concern. Journal of Business Ethics, 141, 151-162.
Organ, D. W. (1988). Organizational citizenship behavior: The good soldier syndrome. Lexington books/DC heath and com.
Peng, M. Y.-P., Xu, C., Zheng, R., & He, Y. (2023). The impact of perceived organizational support on employees’ knowledge transfer and innovative behavior: comparisons between Taiwan and mainland China. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 10(1), 1-13.
Podsakoff, N. P., Whiting, S. W., Podsakoff, P. M., & Blume, B. D. (2009). Individual- and organizational-level consequences of organizational citizenship behaviors: A meta-analysis. J Appl Psychol, 94(1), 122-141. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0013079
Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Paine, J. B., & Bachrach, D. G. (2000). Organizational Citizenship Behaviors: A Critical Review of the Theoretical and Empirical Literature and Suggestions for Future Research. Journal of Management, 26(3), 513-563. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920630002600307
Rafiei, S., Pakpour, A., & Abdollahzade, S. (2022). Editorial: Social capital and organizational citizenship behavior amongst health workforce. Front Public Health, 10, 1089075. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.1089075
Rich, J. M. (1984). Professional ethics in education. ERIC.
Salas, E., Reyes, D. L., & McDaniel, S. H. (2018). The science of teamwork: Progress, reflections, and the road ahead. Am Psychol, 73(4), 593-600. https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0000334
Santos, R. S., Lousã, E. P., Sá, M. M., & Cordeiro, J. A. (2023). First, Be a Good Citizen: Organizational Citizenship Behaviors, Well-Being at Work and the Moderating Role of Leadership Styles. Behav Sci (Basel), 13(10). https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13100811
Sherpa, K. (2018). Importance of professional ethics for teachers. International Education and Research Journal, 4(3), 16-18.
Soltis, J. F. (1986). Teaching professional ethics. Journal of Teacher Education, 37(3), 2-4.
Thomas, R. E. (1997). Problem-based learning: measurable outcomes. Med Educ, 31(5), 320-329. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2923.1997.00671.x
Van, D. L., Cummings, L. L., & Parks, J. (1995). Extra-role behaviors: In pursuit of construct and definitional clarity (a bridge over muddied waters). Research in Organizational Behavior, 17, 215-285.
Woodrow, C., & Guest, D. E. (2020). Pathways through organizational socialization: A longitudinal qualitative study based on the psychological contract. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 93(1), 110-133.
Downloads
Published
Submitted
Revised
Accepted
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 قیس شاکر کریم (نویسنده); نركَس سعيديان خوراسكَانى; جنان مرزه حمزه, نصراله قشقایی زاده (نویسنده)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
